Thursday, September 18, 2014

Strategy

So I'm involved in two fantasy football leagues which I am enjoying quite a bit.  Most people who know me would think me the least likely person to become involved in this sort of past time, and normally I would agree.  I am a casual football fan at best and see the sport as no different from any other leisure activity.  For me it is much like watching a movie - when its over, its over.  I don't think much about teams and standings and individual players.

Then what's the appeal of fantasy football?  The answer is a little complex, but for the most part its not really about football, its about statistics and strategy.  It's the strategy element that has the most interest for me.

A friend of mine, a new player in the league, said she uses strategy based on both Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" and the board game Risk.  Okay, sounds interesting.  Since I've rekindled my love of the martial arts recently I've also revisited Sun Tzu, Miayomoto Musashi's The Book of Five Rings, Yamamoto Tsunetomo's Hagakure.

They are all books on warfare, strategy, and the proper way of life for the samurai.  They haven't been all that helpful in moving me out of 9th place in my league, but they have been very useful in helping me shape a new path for my life.  I'm not one for following another's path blindly or in its entirety, but you can draw wisdom and understanding from many sources - with some offering unique insight and some reinforcing the ideas of others; all helpful in navigating this strange and wonderful life.  Here are some of my favorite strategies of simply being:

From The Book of Five Rings:





  •  
  • Do not think dishonestly. 
  • The Way is in training. 
  • Become acquainted with every art. 
  • Know the Ways of professions. 
  • Distinguish between gain and loss in worldly matters. 
  • Develop intuitive judgement and understanding for everything. 
  • Perceive those things which cannot be seen. 
  • Pay attention even to trifles. 
  • Do nothing which is of no use. 

 


"In strategy your spiritual bearing must not be any different from normal. Both in fighting and in everyday life you should be determined though calm. Meet the situation without tenseness yet not recklessly, your spirit settled yet unbiased. Even when your spirit is calm do not let your body relax, and when your body is relaxed do not let your spirit slacken. Do not let your spirit be influenced by your body, or your body be influenced by your spirit. Be neither insufficiently spirited nor over spirited. An elevated spirit is weak and a low spirit is weak. Do not let the enemy see your spirit."


 




“You can only fight the way you practice” 


 "Today is victory over yourself of yesterday; tomorrow is your victory over lesser men.”




 “Think lightly of yourself and deeply of the world”  

“There is nothing outside of yourself that can ever enable you to get better, stronger, richer, quicker, or smarter. Everything is within. Everything exists. Seek nothing outside of yourself.”  

“The ultimate aim of martial arts is not having to use them” 






Monday, September 15, 2014

Home

I recently took a trip to my hometown, which is a weird experience since it has stopped being my home so long ago.  Yet, it does function as a container of memories and a lens into the past when various earlier versions of myself spent time reading, walking through the woods like some miniature Thoreau, and generally brooding about life and my part in it.

I come from a very picturesque hometown which has fallen on hard times of late.  Here's a picture of the town in its autumnal glory:






The idea of home has always been a complicated mix of ideas and emotions.  Is it a physical structure?  a location? or even an emotion?  Can you find yourself more at home at a place where you only just arrived than in a place where you spent the best part of your life?  Can you live your life in a place and never consider it home?  Can you have more than one home?

There really isn't a single definitive answer to what constitutes "home".  It seems to be defined by the individual and is contextually dependent.  There are stories,  A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, comes to mind, where home and all the sentiment that comes with it is located in a slum.  So clearly there's a lot that goes into the term "home" - so let's see what some writers and thinkers have to offer:

“I have learned that if you must leave a place that you have lived in and loved and where all your yesteryears are buried deep, leave it any way except a slow way, leave it the fastest way you can. Never turn back and never believe that an hour you remember is a better hour because it is dead. Passed years seem safe ones, vanquished ones, while the future lives in a cloud, formidable from a distance.”
― Beryl Markham, West with the Night

“Home wasn't a set house, or a single town on a map. It was wherever the people who loved you were, whenever you were together. Not a place, but a moment, and then another, building on each other like bricks to create a solid shelter that you take with you for your entire life, wherever you may go.”
― Sarah Dessen, What Happened to Goodbye

“The ornament of a house is the friends who frequent it.”
― Ralph Waldo Emerson


“I always wondered why the makers leave housekeeping and cooking out of their tales. Isn't it what all the great wars and battles are fought for -- so that at day's end a family may eat together in a peaceful house?”
― Ursula K. Le Guin, Voices

“You can't go back home to your family, back home to your childhood, back home to romantic love, back home to a young man's dreams of glory and of fame, back home to exile, to escape to Europe and some foreign land, back home to lyricism, to singing just for singing's sake, back home to aestheticism, to one's youthful idea of 'the artist' and the all-sufficiency of 'art' and 'beauty' and 'love,' back home to the ivory tower, back home to places in the country, to the cottage in Bermude, away from all the strife and conflict of the world, back home to the father you have lost and have been looking for, back home to someone who can help you, save you, ease the burden for you, back home to the old forms and systems of things which once seemed everlasting but which are changing all the time--back home to the escapes of Time and Memory.”
― Thomas Wolfe

“Happiness doesn't lie in conspicuous consumption and the relentless amassing of useless crap. Happiness lies in the person sitting beside you and your ability to talk to them. Happiness is clear-headed human interaction and empathy. Happiness is home. And home is not a house-home is a mythological conceit. It is a state of mind. A place of communion and unconditional love. It is where, when you cross its threshold, you finally feel at peace.”
― Dennis Lehane

Following up on Lehane's idea of home as a something that is created, formed, rather than established, here's a clip from the cut TV show Firefly.  I offer this as an example of people creating their own sense of home - even on a spaceship in the dark, hostile emptiness of space, for two reasons: One, it is a really good example.  Two: I liked Firefly and don't mind seeing a clip every so often - maybe it simply reminds me of my own home in some way.





Thursday, August 28, 2014

The World in a Water Drop

Originally I was going to write something about nanotechnology - some interesting things going on in that area lately.  But I've also come across other fascinating information regarding miniature and microscopic worlds.  What got me started on this train of thought is this:


This is not a real community, but one artificially constructed by the man below.


Yes, that is singer Rod Stewart with the model train set up he built.

What is behind the drive to build these miniature worlds?  Some modelers apparently strive for a detailed recreation of a real place and time, while others seem to enjoy developing unique worlds for their small trains to inhabit.  The idea of building these worlds extend far beyond train sets and is linked to childhood.  Psychologists use a technique called sandplay with younger clients to assess their emotional states.  The technique is simple; children get to play on a large table or tray set up with sand, often water, and miniature houses, buildings, people, and other everyday items.  What kind of world the children create give psychologists clues to how these children view their world.

There's no small element of control involved in building these scenes.  Our friend Rod above has built a finely-detailed world of his own - looks to be New York City circa 1940s - that he alone controls.  To put it another way, the trains run on Rod's timetable, and only his.

Writers have long known the power of building their own realities and playing God with their creations.  George R.R. Martin seems to take devilish glee in reminding fans that no characters in his Game of Thrones novels are safe as long as he controls their fates.  Plenty of authors have also taken joy in working in miniature - from folk tales full of "little people", Mary Norton's The Borrowers, Smurfs, gnomes, and the like, to Johnathan Swift's land of the Lilliputians from Gulliver's Travels:




This idea of control and the power to alter reality to one's own liking is part of what drives some artists to specialize in constructing miniature worlds - not real-life models - to their own liking.  It can work as therapy for adults as well - as this story from PBS NewsHour clearly demonstrates:




For artists constructing these worlds, some are fantastical, others realistic.  Some represent the world as it should be, others are worlds that should never be.  Many are whimsical, thoughtful, political, or insightful, but all are beautiful in their own ways and push the idea of what existence is and what it could be:

From Wired magazine: Adrien Broom, Centered. Image: the artist and Ronchini Gallery




Mat Collishaw, “The Garden of Unearthly Delights” (2009) (Courtesy of Merderme)


From Mymodernmet.com: "Architect and photographer William Kass has created a lovely series called Minimize, where he takes miniature toy figures and places them in the regular world. His sweet compositions include men fishing for sushi to a ballerina dancing in a fanciful fountain of a shower head. True to form, each of his photos are more whimsical than the last."



Again from Mymodernmet.com: "Perhaps there is no greater artist out there who can create such believable worlds than Matthew Albanese. For the last five years, Albanese has been meticulously making these highly detailed models for his series called Strange Worlds. “When I was young I was always very, very obsessed with movie miniatures and movie magic and things of small scale,” he told Flickr. One of the most mesmerizing shots is of a lightning storm over a lake. Albanese used a piece of plexiglas, painted black, and etched bolts of lightning on it so that light could dramatically flash through.
Again from Wired: Thomas Doyle, Coming From Where We're Going. "From a distance his works looks like a miniature depiction of the American Dream, but upon further inspection, the disorder in his worlds is evident" . Image: the artist and Ronchini Gallery

Lastly, from Mymodernmet: "Un Petit Monde is the name of the series Kurt Moses has created where he arranges tiny people in a larger-than-life world. Moses does not use tilt-shit photography or Photoshop, rather, he sets up his everyday scenes in the real world using natural light. The photographer, hailing from St. Paul, Minnesota, loves telling stories through his works, which he wants others to help him actively create. 'My goal is simple,' he says, 'initiate a storyline and capture an evocative photo that allows the viewer to draw their own conclusions about the scenes they are observing.'”



Monday, August 25, 2014

Beautiful Places - Footpaths

Straight Pond on Marldon Road to Dainton Hamlet 
It is easy sometimes these days, in our modern Western world, the importance of foot travel both historically and culturally.  In England, it was considered a given that historic footpaths give the public the right to traverse private property.  Footpaths (and bridlepaths for horseback riding) are mentioned in an 1835 highway bill, but in England these paths are considered to be hundreds of years older than that - some tracking their lineage to the occupation of Roman troops.  These paths have long been guides to human movement - showing the human ingenuity of finding the more direct route past obstacles in the quest to get to the desired goal. 

In literature footpaths have long played a role as the setting for conflict.  Robin Hood meets Little John on a footpath and narrow bridge spanning a river.  Tess's downfall comes just off a footpath/bridlepath at the hands of Alec.  Untold numbers of highway men, pilgrims, lost children and travelers found their literary fates along paths through forest and field.  Poets, like Wordsworth, rambled along these humble byways, finding inspiration for their odes to nature. 
 

Footpaths exists throughout the world and serve not only as a means for traveling from point A to point B, but as a connection to our shared past and a reminder of the simpler, but more physically challenging, lives of our ancestors.  They also open a window on to a world that only those who slow down and take the time to move by foot will ever experience.  But we can at least view images of those worlds until we ourselves find our own feet on the trodden path leading to...  So for now - enjoy!




Scafell Pike in England's Lake District
Via Francigena - which crosses France, Switzerland, and Italy
Devon again - From Dainton Hamlet to Bickley Bottom across Mator Common



Thursday, August 21, 2014

The Darkened Room

Photography is one of my things.  I've been shooting since college days, and while most of my work - photos and negs, not to mention my equipment, was stolen with my car some years ago, I've been getting back into it lately.

Some of the work will probably make its way here eventually - and while the digital camera is very easy, I do miss the science and art of the darkroom. So many hours spent inside with the little red light, mixing chemicals, and then waiting for the film to process and the print making as unworthy print after print went into the trash.

Of course, not all early "photography" involved darkrooms - or at least, what we now think of darkrooms.  One of the oldest, and oddest, yet strangely attractive, of these is the camera obscura.

The term is latin for "darkened room," which makes sense when one considers exactly how the camera obscura works.  Cameras, as mechanisms, really perform a simple operation.  They have some system of allowing a pinhole of light to shine on a surface - usually a light sensitive photographic plate that captures that light - and the image of the world that comes with it.

As the National Geographic reported a few years ago, Aristotle wrote about this method - minus the actual camera and photographic plate.  So did Leonardo DiVinci - being DiVinci, he drew diagrams as well.  But they both, and may others in between as well, described how a small hole letting light into a darkened room could project the image of the outside world onto the walls of that room.

Nice, non-DiVinci woodcut showing how a camera obscura works.


The images are what we think of as upside down - building spires and tree tops of a city skyline point toward the floor - as does the same image we see with our eyes - because of the way light is reflected.  The situation with our eyes is that our brains process the images so that the sky is up and the ground is down.  But since the camera obscura image is unprocessed, it remains reversed:

Central Park by Abelardo Morell (www.abelardomorell.net)



In the days before photographic plates were invented, artists and sometimes party-goers (the camera obscura was a great novelty) would line the walls of the room with tracing paper and record the projected image that way (that is what the gentleman in the above woodcut is doing).  Portable versions were built as well, but they couldn't quite provide the "wow" factor of stepping into an image-filled room.

Umm... No.






















Because of that "wow" factor, cameras obscura actually became an early tourist attraction, springing up in scenic locations like mountains and seasides.

Santa Monica, California's camera obscura was a semi-bargain at ten cents a visit.


The outdoors, filling the indoors in an unusual way, gives the image captured inside a meditative, dream-like quality that isn't present in today's typical photograpy.  As Abelardo Morrell states in the National Geographic article, ""I want to refresh how people see the world".


Can't find the credit for this one.




More Morell

Morell again with the outside images projected on paintings by Hopper on the left and not sure, maybe Roy Lichtenstein, on the right.



Nice use of the camera obscura and conventional photography




















































































































Another version of mixing photography and the camera obscura to get a dreamlike feel.  Credit for both images here.
And because of its unique nature, it seems somehow natural that the term camera obscura would become the name of an indie band - and a pretty good one, too.  Not really anything to do with photography - but music is another of my things, so let's end today with some music!


Enjoy!

Friday, August 15, 2014

Ceasing Not Till Death

Today's my birthday - one of many happy returns of the day.  There is a lot I could say and write, but rather,  let's keep it simple - some Walt Whitman instead.  Though a bit older than the 37 Whitman mentions - I actually feel a few years younger and am in perfect health - perhaps the best health of my life.  Therefore, I'll let dear old Walt present my mood and thoughts in his perfect way with some selections from Song of Myself.  But please take the time to read the lengthy poem - there is much in there from history to sensual sexuality.  But for our purposes on this day, this will suffice:


I CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.
I loafe and invite my soul,
I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.
My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil,
     this air,
Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and
     their parents the same,
I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin,
Hoping to cease not till death.
Creeds and schools in abeyance,
Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never
     forgotten,
I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard,
Nature without check with original energy...

Stop this day and night with me and you shall possess the
     origin of all poems,
You shall possess the good of the earth and sun, (there are
     millions of suns left,)
You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor
     look through the eyes of the dead, nor feed on the
     spectres in books,
You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take things
     from me,
You shall listen to all sides and filter them from your self.

I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the
     beginning and the end,
But I do not talk of the beginning or the end. 
There was never any more inception than there is now,
Nor any more youth or age than there is now,
And will never be any more perfection than there is now,
Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now. 
Urge and urge and urge,
Always the procreant urge of the world.
Out of the dimness opposite equals advance, always
     substance and increase, always sex,
Always a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed
     of life. 
To elaborate is no avail, learn'd and unlearn'd feel that it is so...
There is that in me — I do not know what it is — but I know it
     is in me.
Wrench'd and sweaty — calm and cool then my body becomes,
I sleep — I sleep long.
I do not know it — it is without name — it is a word unsaid,
It is not in any dictionary, utterance, symbol.
Something it swings on more than the earth I swing on,
To it the creation is the friend whose embracing awakes me.
Perhaps I might tell more. Outlines! I plead for my brothers
     and sisters.
Do you see O my brothers and sisters?
It is not chaos or death — it is form, union, plan — it is eternal
     life — it is Happiness.

The past and present wilt — I have fill'd them, emptied them,
And proceed to fill my next fold of the future.
Listener up there! what have you to confide to me?
Look in my face while I snuff the sidle of evening,
(Talk honestly, no one else hears you, and I stay only a
     minute longer.)
Do I contradict myself?
Very well then I contradict myself,
(I am large, I contain multitudes.) ...
I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love,
If you want me again look for me under your boot-soles.
You will hardly know who I am or what I mean,
But I shall be good health to you nevertheless,
And filter and fibre your blood. 
Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged,
Missing me one place search another,
I stop somewhere waiting for you. 
















Friday, August 8, 2014

Beautiful Places - The Red Planet in Fact and Fiction

In the late 1800s a former Civil War officer and gold prospector found himself in the difficult position of fleeing from Apaches in Arizona.  After a chase on horseback, the prospector, separated from his partner, had to take refuge in a cave.  What happened next became one of the most influential tales found in literature.

John Carter lost consciousness in that cave, only to awaken on the planet of Mars, a planet, in the experience provided by Edgar Rice Burroughs (yes, he of Tarzan fame), of beautiful princess and multi-armed foes.  Burroughs' Martian stories, like those of Tarzan, were light on anything resembling facts, but full of rousing action and detailed depictions of a once thriving Mars, now a desiccated, dying world.

I'll jump on any chance to use a Frank Frazetta image!







































Burroughs and all those after him that used Mars as a setting for tales of science fiction and fantasy based their images of Mars on astronomical observations.  As telescopes became more powerful and the optics more precise, writers describing Mars changed their versions of the Red Planet.  Soon the fabulous cities of glass and jewels disappeared, and the Venice-like canals were drained of water, replaced by lonely desert landscapes and dry canyons.

It wasn't until the late 1960s with the NASA missions of the unmanned survey spacecrafts Mariners 6 & 7 that a true picture of Mars emerged - dry, hostile to human habitation, and devoid of native life.  Then the science fiction stories turned away from the idea of Mars invaders and Carter-like interactions with native beings, and more to either the discovery of long-lost civilizations, as in Mission to Mars:




or stories of stranded humans struggling to survive on the remote planet as in, for example, the pretty decent film Red Planet:



Yet, despite its harshness, Mars has an almost magnetic pull for the imagination.  Its the closest analog to Earth, and relatively speaking, not that far away.  Yet it remains alien, but recognizable, strange-yet-familiar, and our next stop in humanity's reach for the stars.  The real Mars, although lacking in cities of crystal, is very beautiful in a special way:







Thursday, August 7, 2014

What It Takes

"I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious." -Albert Einstein
So much of the information available today on the idea of inspiration and inspiring people seems to center on the business world.  Much of it comes in the form of "How to be an Inspiring Leader" kind of stuff.  The problem with that, if there is indeed one, is that it assumes that there is some way to externally create inspiration.  If only someone follows this recipe - 5 steps, 7 steps., 10 steps - then one can become inspiring.  Its almost like saying one can become a successful business person by merely wearing the right clothing.

The trouble is, most of the truly inspiring people aren't individuals we would classify as "leaders", they tend to fall into categories such as teachers, parents, grandparents, close friends, etc.  The kind of inspiration that makes us better people, that influences our lives, doesn't come from the media anointed "celebrity" leaders of the culture, but from those with whom we interact routinely and admire for strength and courage.  

 There is a lot of information regarding inspiration out there, and much of it good, and even more of it ridiculous.  But with enough time and effort some themes seem to appear.  Here are some of the most common characteristics of inspiring people - not necessarily inspiring leaders -  presented in no particular order, since all are very important:

  1. Passion - this seems to be the most cited aspect of inspiring people, and it makes perfect sense.  How can one be inspiring if he or she is not inspired?  Nothing motivates others like the complete devotion to pursuing a goal, from running a giant software company to raising children, one has to be all in or it doesn't work:  It is the soul's duty to be loyal to its own desires. It must abandon itself to its master passion. - Rebecca West
  2. Positivity - A positive outlook on life will help alter the negative view of others.  No difficult task can be accomplished if one has doubts, or at least allows those doubts to overwhelm their outlook. We can't control all the events that occur in our lives, but inspiring people control their responses to those events - not the artificial "making lemonade" meme, but rather enduring the rain with good humor because they know there's a sunny day on the way.
  3. The ability to socially interact with others - This always seemed a difficult task for the introverted me.  But over time, I've gotten used to working with people in various settings.  I've found that being positive, polite but honest,  seems to work pretty well.  I've got a long way to go, but inspiring people seem to have the knack of authentically connecting with others.
  4. Empathy - Inspiring people have the ability to relate to others on a personal level - which goes with the last point.  The ability to listen to, and understand, others is essential in making an impact on the lives of other people.
  5. The strength of character to stay authentic and follow their own paths - Often the stories we most find inspiring is those of people who followed their own paths, sometimes against great odds and criticism, to reach their goals.  The thing many people forget is that the "triumph over adversity" often involves a tremendous amount of adversity lasting for years and years. The perseverance and will it takes to keep true to oneself in the darkest of times is what really inspires.  It is so much easier in life to blend in with the sheep instead of standing out like the tiger, to bend to the will of groupthink; but would William Blake write a poem like this to sheep?
Tyger Tyger, burning bright,
In the forests of the night;
What immortal hand or eye,
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
In what distant deeps or skies.
Burnt the fire of thine eyes?
On what wings dare he aspire?
What the hand, dare seize the fire? 
And what shoulder, & what art,
Could twist the sinews of thy heart?
And when thy heart began to beat,
What dread hand? & what dread feet? 
What the hammer? what the chain,
In what furnace was thy brain?
What the anvil? what dread grasp,
Dare its deadly terrors clasp!

When the stars threw down their spears
And water'd heaven with their tears:
Did he smile his work to see?
Did he who made the Lamb make thee? 
Tyger Tyger burning bright,
In the forests of the night:
What immortal hand or eye,
Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?

Shakespeare's St. Crispin's Day speech from Henry V is often regarded as the template for inspiring talks - it has likely been adapted by almost every football coach in history at one point or another.  Here's Kenneth Branagh's Henry V trying to inspire his troops before facing the five-men-to-one odds at Agincourt.  Let's see how Shakespeare's Henry embodies the points above:


Finally - tying to be inspiring won't work.  Working to be your own unique person will itself inspire others:   
"Be yourself--not your idea of what you think somebody else's idea of yourself should be." --Henry David Thoreau


Monday, August 4, 2014

Logical Eye Candy

In 1880 a publication called Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science published an article called On the Diagrammatic and Mechanical Representation of Propositions and Reasonings.
No one probably noticed at the time - it was a relatively obscure publication in a crowed field - but the boon for and bane of visual learners was given birth in that article.

It was in that publication that John Venn, born this day 180 years ago, gave the world his famous diagram.  The diagram, usually shown as intersecting circles with data inside, is a way of visually organizing the logical relationship of those datum.  The unique thing is that over time the Venn diagram, originally contained within the mathematical fields, has spread to be one of the few tools to cross disciplines effectively.  We are all familiar with this sort of thing from our high school math days:

Circular logic!













In English, we inflict this sort of thing on our students:







It's supposed to make things clearer!





































For visual learners struggling with the concepts involved with sometimes abstraction relationships between sets of data, the Venn diagram can help clarify things greatly.  Sometimes in a surprising way - from the factual to the fanciful:

Thrilling!


Clarity is a must at times like these!



And Venn has made his impact in popular culture with this touching and bittersweet diagram from John Green's bestseller The Fault in Our Stars:

Yes, you can start crying now.


As silly as some of these seem - they can begin the process of seeing relationships between diverse things.  Looking for similarities and where points diverge - building patterns - all made much clearer with circles and intersections.  So thanks, John Venn, for the diagram that launched a thousand homework assignments - and helping out visually oriented learners like me.  Google has also paid tribute to Venn, and I am happy to add my appreciation as well.  Happy Birthday, John!






Thursday, July 31, 2014

Dreams of Flight

Incarus in flight

























Recently I've taken a few flying lessons, first to see see if it is something I would like to pursue (it is!) and to see the time and cost involved (substantial, unfortunately).  It will happen one day, but for now I just have to be satisfied with dreams of flight, as do most of us. Dreams about flying is one of the most common dreams humans have, and the reason is that flight symbolizes freedom.  As Eric Kraft writes in his witty, whimsical, and moving novel Flying:


I also had daydreams of flying, waking dreams, wishes and fantasies, but they were quite different from my sleeping dreams of flying.  My daydreams were about getting somewhere, or about getting away from where I was and flying to somewhere else.  They were about escape and exploration, and they were deliberate.  I launched my daydreams as I might have launched a flying machine.  I got into the dream and took off.  Often I launched one of these daydreams on a Sunday, when I was in the back seat of the family car, and my family was out for a Sunday drive.

(Note: this is a book worth reading even if you care nothing about flying)

Flying would also come up for my brother and I during our family drives through the country.  When we were little, less than eight years old certainly, we would excitingly squeal at the rare site of any type of aircraft we encountered, usually some beat-up farm plane or crop duster.  My mother years later would say she would have to work at distracting us during these trips or else we would howl ceaselessly and beg our father to pull over and let us ride in the plane as if every crop duster was just standing by for the right kids to come by before cranking the propeller into life.

My brother and I would still be here if we had seen this as kids!


My first flight came during some county fair when I was around eight years old when some local airborne entrepreneur was offering a quick trip around the airport for a penny a pound - which they estimated.  I actually saved up for the flight, which lasted all of five-seven minutes.  It was magical - so much so that it barely registered that the pilot seemed a little on the drunk side.  I can still feel the excitement as the plane taxied, the wheels left the ground, and we metaphorically gave Sir Isaac Newton and his so-called gravity the finger as we soared into the sky.

As I have learned recently, flying, even if contained in a metal tube with wings,  really is an intoxicating sense of freedom.  It often brings to mind the lines from Walt Whitman's Song of the Open Road:
From this hour I ordain myself loos’d of limits and imaginary lines,
Going where I list, my own master total and absolute,
Listening to others, considering well what they say,
Pausing, searching, receiving, contemplating,
Gently,but with undeniable will, divesting myself of the holds that would hold me.
I inhale great draughts of space,
The east and the west are mine, and the north and the south are mine.

Sometimes the Gulf of Mexico is in front of me, Key West is somewhere off my left wingtip, New York City is far beyond to the right.   A turn of the yoke and I could be in Atlanta in a few hours, to the left, and I could be sipping a margarita in the Keys by sunset.  No roads to constrain me, no sense of being pulled downward as long as the prop keeps turning, only open sky and my thoughts for company as the compass spins at my command.

That glorious sense of freedom, of unlimited possibilities, must have been what our friend Icarus felt when he and his dad Daedalus escaped jail on Crete and took to the air with their wings of wax.  Dad, of course, was prudent and stayed low.  Icarus, impetuous, doomed youth that he was, had to fly higher and higher, enjoying the sensation of being freed not only from King Minos' jail cell, but also from the invisible chains of gravity.  His joy lasted briefly, the sun being too warm for wax wings, but it was a joy that few have felt and one well captured by Anne Sexton:

To A Friend Whose Work Has Come To Triumph
Consider Icarus, pasting those sticky wings on,
testing that strange little tug at his shoulder blade,
and think of that first flawless moment over the lawn
of the labyrinth. Think of the difference it made!
There below are the trees, as awkward as camels;
and here are the shocked starlings pumping past
and think of innocent Icarus who is doing quite well:
larger than a sail, over the fog and the blast
of the plushy ocean, he goes. Admire his wings!
Feel the fire at his neck and see how casually
he glances up and is caught, wondrously tunneling
into that hot eye. Who cares that feel back to the sea?
See him acclaiming the sun and come plunging down
while his sensible daddy goes straight into town.

We all dream of flying from time to time, because we all dream of and savor the feeling of freedom.  Not everyone finds freedom in actual flight - there are many paths to that goal.  But I wager the exhilaration of breaking free of those invisible chains holding us back is the same for everyone.  Ultimately, the fall to the sea awaits us all, so like Icarus, we need to set our sights high and seek out the sun while we may.  Fly on, fly on!

Wednesday, July 30, 2014

Beautiful Places - Underwater Ruins

The ever-cheerful Plato offers up this account of the end of the lost continent of Atlantis, which had just lost a war with the intent of extending its empire:

But afterwards there occurred violent earthquakes and floods; and in a single day and night of misfortune all your warlike men in a body sank into the earth, and the island of Atlantis in like manner disappeared in the depths of the sea. For which reason the sea in those parts is impassable and impenetrable, because there is a shoal of mud in the way; and this was caused by the subsidence of the island.

Parable or history?  Most serious scholars think the former, but there is not enough evidence to completely dismiss the latter.  Many people over centuries have searched for the sunken land and its fabled city, and no end of legends have sprung up around it.  But while Atlantis, if it existed at all, remains hidden from view, many other underwater ruins and shipwrecks are well known, and offer up beautiful images to the eye:


Some the architecture that gives the city its name


























According to the U.K. 's Daily Mail, Shi Cheng was known as the Lion City until 1959 when the Chinese government decided this area was a perfect spot for a hydroelectric plant, which needed a man-made lake to support it.  Now Lake Qiandao surrounds it, and divers need to go 131 feet down to see the preserved architecture:

Quiet and beautiful


Pavlopetri in Greece
Heracleion, Cleopatra's recently discovered port city in the Mediterranean 


A nice list a summary can be found here. These underwater ruins have an almost magnetic attraction because of what they were, are, and say about humans and our march through time.  Constructed to be testaments to human power, ingenuity, and dominance over the natural world, these ruins once sat on solid ground for all to see and ponder.  Now, through fortune or design, these terrestrial spaces and now transported to an alien world.  Here, we see something familiar but in an altogether unfamiliar context.  There's a solitude now to these constructions that once teemed with human activity.  Quiet, remote, strange-yet-familiar, these ruins remind us that the plans and designs we make in this world are really only for the moment - thoughts of longevity are nothing more than beautiful daydreams concocted on a summer's afternoon.  






Tuesday, July 22, 2014

Besieged!

Warning, there are plenty of spoilers ahead!

I began reading Jerusalem, a biography by Simon Sebag Montefiore a short while ago and was taken aback by the detailed account, coming from Jewish historian Josephus, who witnessed the event, of the siege and fall of Jerusalem to the Romans in 70 A.D.  Josephus recounts the horror in vivid detail, including this part that comes after several skirmishes causes the Jewish defenders to fall back into a second walled area of the city:
THUS the fight continued for three days, till Titus a second time entered the wall. He threw down all the northern part and strongly garrisoned the towers of the south. The strong heights of Sion, the citadel of the Antonia, and the fortified Temple still held out. Titus, eager to save so magnificent a place, resolved to refrain for a few days from the attack, in order that the minds of the besieged might be affected by their woes, and that the slow results of famine might operate. He reviewed his army in full armour, and they received their pay in view of the city, the battlements being thronged by spectators during this splendid defiling, who looked on in terror and dismay. 
The famine increased, and the misery of the weaker was aggravated by seeing the stronger obtaining food. All natural affection was extinguished, husbands and wives, parents and children snatching the last morsel from each other. Many wretched men were caught by the Romans prowling in the ravines by night to pick up food and these were scourged, tortured and crucified. This was done to terrify the rest, and it went on till there was not wood enough for crosses. 
Terrible crimes were committed in the city. The aged high-priest, Matthias, was accused of holding communication with the enemy. Three of his sons were killed in his presence, and he was executed in sight of the Romans, together with sixteen other members of the sanhedrin. The famine grew so woeful that a woman devoured the body of her own child. 
From Wikipedia - Destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem,Francesco Hayez, oil on canvas, 1867. Depicting the destruction and looting of the Second Temple by the Roman army.

What happened in Jerusalem is not unusual in sieges.  The siege became a tried and true tactic of warfare for centuries because it worked on so many levels.  First, the besieging army, if lucky, would arrive at a cities gates with little notice and less time for preparation by the luckless inhabits.  Encircling the city, the army on the outside would cut off all egress and communication coming in and out of the settlement.  Then, depending on the temperament of the commander and his orders, the invaders would either demand immediate surrender, and if that failed or the army was feeling particularly hostile, a long period of waiting would ensure.

Think of the psychological toll, as Josephus alludes to, that such a tactic takes on the those trapped within walls, which had once seemed a strong and comforting embrace, but that would now, with each passing day, come to resemble a tomb.  The inhabitants would daily watch the construction of enormous siege engines being built, and/or the slow, elaborate digging of tunnels to allow attackers to approach the walls unmolested by the defenders arrows, and in later centuries, bullets.  The residents of the hapless town would also be aware of the dwindling food stores, and many would resort to desecrations such as those Josephus describes.  As the character Roberto della Griva in Umberto Eco's novel, The Island of the Day Before, puts it:

We must keep them within range on the
plain, in order to harass them and impede the
construction of the tunnels. In short, there will be glory
for all. Now let us go to supper. The siege has only
begun and provisions are still plentiful. It will be awhile
before we start eating the rats.

There are only three ways to end a siege: repulse the invaders, surrender, or receive outside help.  Somehow overcoming the opposing force is extremely unlikely, since simple patience will eventually break the will of the besieged defenders.  Otherwise - SPOILER - The latter looked like this as Gandalf led the charge to break the siege of  Helm's Deep in The Two Towers:



If outside help is not a possibility, defense or surrender are the only options, for when the siege ends and the attack aimed at breaching the defense begins, things only get worse.  Shakespeare's Henry V, in the form of Kenneth Braungh, gives the citizens of Harfleur a warning of what is to come:



Traditionally, the invaders, once through the walls and into the city, were given free reign to do as they pleased.  What pleased them, after weeks, months, even years of siege (ten years in the case of Troy, according to the Iliad) is a complete catalog of horror. The cathartic release of pent up fear and hostility generally resulted in stealing everything of even negligible value - a given.  Raping women, children, and even men was an expected occurrence , followed by the brutal murder of the victims, or their sale into slavery, as Hecuba states in Euripides' play The Trojan Women:


Ah, woe is me! This surely is the last, the utmost limit this, of all my sorrows; forth from my land I go; my city is ablaze with flame. Yet, thou aged foot, make one painful struggle to hasten, that I may say a farewell to this wretched town. O Troy, that erst hadst such a grand career amongst barbarian towns, soon wilt thou be reft of that splendid name. Lo! they are burning thee, and leading us e'en now from our land to slavery. Great gods! Yet why call on the gods? They did not hearken e'en aforetime to our call. Come, let us rush into the flames, for to die with my country in its blazing ruin were a noble death for me.
Katherine Hepburn and Vanessa Redgrave starred in an excellent 1971 film of the play.

As King Henry said, there was no way to control the rampage, even if any commander were so inclined. Then, if the attackers weren't planning to use the town as residence or dwelling, but rather planned to move on to the next unfortunate settlement, then the homes and buildings were set on fire.

Surrender, until more recent times, was not much better.  All of the above was still possible - there were few guarantees of safety, and those often empty words.  Occasionally, the victorious force would show mercy, such as Saladin's treatment of the surrendering force in Jerusalem - one of the more historically-accurate parts of the film The Kingdom of Heaven:




Usually, all of the available choices were terrible, and remain so to this day. Times have changed, bullets have taken the place of arrows, and rockets that of trebuchets.  Recent events in Syria and the Ukraine, Israel and Palestine show sieges still occur, and human cruelty is still loose in the world.  Methods have changed over time, but until the human heart changes, the innocent will continue to suffer, for once some modern version of  horsemen and flags appear on the horizon, disaster surely follows.

Sunday, July 20, 2014

Beautiful Places - Abandoned Amusement Parks


Originally, I was going to write about the beauty of train stations, such as this:

The Antwerp Train Station would rival the palaces of emperors and kings of any era.  































But, there is so many other places to see this splendor, and it so obviously beautiful, that it would be merely adding one more grain of sand to an entire beach of admiration.  Instead, let's consider the beauty of this:
Six Flags Louisiana - via the Los Angeles Times














At first there may be little that we would call beauty in this and the other images to come.  Most of the time, decaying wood, peeling paint, and rusting steel aren't the ingredients that make up a conventional formula for beauty.  There are probably several reasons for this - culture, a psychological preference for order over chaos, and no one like to be reminded of eventual decline and "death". But this precisely, in part, what makes these places beautiful.  Another beautiful thing about these forlorn parks is not so much what they have become, but what they represent.



Some dreams last longer than others




























These parks were once the destinations of dreams.  Families planned to make a journey to these locations in hopes of bringing joy to their children and creating a bond over  a memory of a shared happy experience, far from the reality of work and stress.  Young couples would take those first steps toward intimacy with a kiss on the Ferris wheel, high in the clouds and beyond the view of disapproving eyes.




Spinning no more






































Bright lights, music, energetic, smiling people, young and old alike full of energy in this world set apart from reality.  Now all gone.  Why? various reasons, the same for anything that is abandoned by humans.  A lack of money, a lack of interest, something new and "better" comes along, natural and unnatural disasters - a complicated mixture.  That is what happens when outside reality invades the worlds we create for ourselves, and not everything and everyone adapts to this invasion.  Time passes, paint fades, metal rusts - but these ghosts remain, witnesses and repositories of dreams and desires for fleeting moments of joy and human connection.  These images brought to mind passages from Oliver Goldsmith's The Deserted Village:


Six Flags near New Orleans










How often have I blest the coming day,
When toil remitting lent its turn to play,
And all the village train, from labour free,
Led up their sports beneath the spreading tree,


At the Williams Park Amusement Park









While many a pastime circled in the shade,
The young contending as the old surveyed;
And many a gambol frolicked o'er the ground,





And slights of art and feats of strength went round;
And still as each repeated pleasure tired,
Succeeding sports the mirthful band inspired;
The dancing pair that simply sought renown
By holding out to tire each other down;


From this Hungarian web site






These were thy charms, sweet village; sports like these,
With sweet succession, taught even toil to please;
These round thy bowers their chearful influence shed,
These were thy charms—But all these charms are fled.



It would be easy, not to mention ironic, to sit at the bar of some sort of O'Toole's Irish Pub and decry the artificiality of these places, and how the world is better now that they are being returned to a forest full of invasive species.  The truth is, most, if not all, of our reality is our construction, and all of our reactions to those realities are unquestionably our invention.  Some see greed, some see an opportunity for fun - but for these places, the debates are moot.  Now the only visitors are the lonely wind that stirs the grass growing in the sidewalk, and the dead leaves skating across empty plazas.  Is that really the dim echo of laughter, muted squeals of  excited children, and music, swirling in that same lonely wind?  Perhaps, to the more romantic-minded among us who find such places beautiful - just perhaps...